Canadian Labour Defense League

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Also known as National Council on Democratic Rights. For a full history of the CLDL, see:

Lambertson, Ross. Repression and Resistance: Canadian Human Rights Activists, 1930-1960. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005.

Petryshyn, J. “A.E. Smith and the Canadian Labour Defence League.” PhD, University of Western Ontario, 1977.

Petryshyn, Jaroslav. “Class Conflict and Civil Liberties: The Origins and Activities of the Canadian Labour Defense League, 1925-1940.” Labour/Le Travailleur (1982): 39-63.


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  • Clément, Dominique. “page title or document title.” Canada’s Human Rights History. www.HistoryOfRights.ca (date accessed).